Study Guide for Cum Final
To-Do Date: Dec 4 at 11:59pmCumulative Final Exam: 80 points
Multiple Choice/Short Answer (90% multiple choice questions/10% short answer questions)
The last exam covers the last two chapters (Social Psych and Disorders), in addition to including previously learned material from the entire quarter. Make sure to review your old quizzes and the "Review" questions at the end of each chapter. Here are some main areas in which to focus:
Ch. 1: Introduction and History
What do psychologists study? How?; What is the difference between a psychologist and psychiatrist?; Who was considered the "father" of psychology? Why is psychology a "science"?
Ch 2: Research Methods
Know the difference between a theory and hypothesis; What is meant by "positive" correlation? Negative correlation? Which research method can be used to infer cause and effect (starts with an "E")? What is meant by psychology being an "empirical" science?
Ch. 3: Biopsychology
Which two structures comprise of the Central Nervous System? What are the branches of the Peripheral Nervous system (autonomic and somatic); What does the sympathetic nervous system do? What are the structures of a neuron (dendrites, axon, myelin, synapse)? What are the 4 lobes of the brain? What are the major functions of the 2 hemispheres (i.e., what are at least 2 functions of the "left" hemisphere?);
Ch. 4: States of Consciousness
What are some activities that can "alter" your state of consciousness? What is a circadian rhythm? What disrupts it? What are the 3 categories of psychoactive drugs? Examples? Where would "opiates" fit? What are the major sleep disorders? What happens as a result of sleep deprivation?
Ch. 6 Learning
What are the two types of associative learning? Who first identified classical conditioning (think: dogs)? What are some common situations in which we are more likely to become "classically conditioned" (think: food poisoning); What is meant by the terms: Generalization? Discrimination? Who was the major theorist associated with operant conditioning? What is the difference between "positive" and "negative" reinforcement? What about the schedules of reinforcement: VR VI, FI FR; Which famous Stanford psychologist did the "Bobo Doll" study? What was his theory?
Ch. 8 Memory
What are the two types of "interference"? Be able to identify examples of each; What is the difference between "short term/working" memory and long term memory? What is the difference between explicit and implicit memory? Who is Elizabeth Loftus? What is the misrepresentation effect? What are "False" memories? What is meant by using "self-referencing" to study? What is a mnemonic device? Are you using one for this exam?
Ch. 9 Lifespan Development
Know the 3 stages of prenatal development and the developing systems/timing for each stage; What are teratogens? Who was Piaget and what was his theory? What is the difference between "accommodation" and "assimilation"? Vygotsky? What are the parenting styles described by Mary Ainsworth? Which style tends to produce the most confident child? Who was Erik Erikson, and what type of theory did he develop?
Ch. 12 Social Psych
What is the "fundamental attribution error"? What is the "foot in the door" technique? What famous experiment did Stanley Milgram conduct at Yale University? What experiment did Dr. Phil Zimbardo conduct at Stanford University? What is "social facilitation"? What did the teacher who conducted the "blue eyes/brown eyes" experiment with her students find? What is prejudice? Discrimination?
Ch 14: Stress, Health and Lifestyle
What are the three types of "stressors"? Describe the difference between "primary" and "secondary" appraisals; What is "GAS"? When would you use "emotional-focused" coping vs "problem focused" coping? What is the relationship between depression and heart disease? What are the features of a "Type A" personality? What is meant by "flow"?
Ch. 15: Psychological Disorders
What is the "DSM-5" (how is it used and which group published it?); What are some of the symptoms of depression? How would one differentiate between major depression and bipolar depression? What are some of the "anxiety" disorders (GAD, phobias, panic disorder, agoraphobia, etc...)? What is the difference between "obsessions" and "compulsions" (OCD)?What are the symptoms of schizophrenia? What is the difference between "hallucinations" and "delusions"? What makes the "personality" disorders so different than the other conditions? What is the hallmark feature of someone with antisocial personality disorder?